/*! * Dialogs Manager v4.9.3 * https://github.com/kobizz/dialogs-manager * * Copyright Kobi Zaltzberg * Released under the MIT license * https://github.com/kobizz/dialogs-manager/blob/master/LICENSE.txt */ (function($, global) { 'use strict'; /* * Dialog Manager */ var DialogsManager = { widgetsTypes: {}, createWidgetType: function(typeName, properties, Parent) { if (!Parent) { Parent = this.Widget; } var WidgetType = function() { Parent.apply(this, arguments); }; var prototype = WidgetType.prototype = new Parent(typeName); prototype.types = prototype.types.concat([typeName]); $.extend(prototype, properties); prototype.constructor = WidgetType; WidgetType.extend = function(typeName, properties) { return DialogsManager.createWidgetType(typeName, properties, WidgetType); }; return WidgetType; }, addWidgetType: function(typeName, properties, Parent) { if (properties && properties.prototype instanceof this.Widget) { return this.widgetsTypes[typeName] = properties; } return this.widgetsTypes[typeName] = this.createWidgetType(typeName, properties, Parent); }, getWidgetType: function(widgetType) { return this.widgetsTypes[widgetType]; } }; /* * Dialog Manager instances constructor */ DialogsManager.Instance = function() { var self = this, elements = {}, settings = {}; var initElements = function() { elements.body = $('body'); }; var initSettings = function(options) { var defaultSettings = { classPrefix: 'dialog', effects: { show: 'fadeIn', hide: 'fadeOut' } }; $.extend(settings, defaultSettings, options); }; this.createWidget = function(widgetType, properties) { var WidgetTypeConstructor = DialogsManager.getWidgetType(widgetType), widget = new WidgetTypeConstructor(widgetType); properties = properties || {}; widget.init(self, properties); return widget; }; this.getSettings = function(property) { if (property) { return settings[property]; } return Object.create(settings); }; this.init = function(settings) { initSettings(settings); initElements(); return self; }; self.init(); }; /* * Widget types constructor */ DialogsManager.Widget = function(widgetName) { var self = this, settings = {}, events = {}, elements = {}, hideTimeOut = 0, baseClosureMethods = ['refreshPosition']; var bindEvents = function() { var windows = [elements.window]; if (elements.iframe) { windows.push(jQuery(elements.iframe[0].contentWindow)); } windows.forEach(function(window) { if (settings.hide.onEscKeyPress) { window.on('keyup', onWindowKeyUp); } if (settings.hide.onOutsideClick) { window[0].addEventListener('click', hideOnOutsideClick, true); } if (settings.hide.onOutsideContextMenu) { window[0].addEventListener('contextmenu', hideOnOutsideClick, true); } if (settings.position.autoRefresh) { window.on('resize', self.refreshPosition); } }); if (settings.hide.onClick || settings.hide.onBackgroundClick) { elements.widget.on('click', hideOnClick); } }; var callEffect = function(intent, params) { var effect = settings.effects[intent], $widget = elements.widget; if ('function' === typeof effect) { effect.apply($widget, params); } else { if ($widget[effect]) { $widget[effect].apply($widget, params); } else { throw 'Reference Error: The effect ' + effect + ' not found'; } } }; var ensureClosureMethods = function() { var closureMethodsNames = baseClosureMethods.concat(self.getClosureMethods()); $.each(closureMethodsNames, function() { var methodName = this, oldMethod = self[methodName]; self[methodName] = function() { oldMethod.apply(self, arguments); }; }); }; var fixIframePosition = function(position) { if (! position.my) { return; } var horizontalOffsetRegex = /left|right/, extraOffsetRegex = /([+-]\d+)?$/, iframeOffset = elements.iframe.offset(), iframeWindow = elements.iframe[0].contentWindow, myParts = position.my.split(' '), fixedParts = []; if (myParts.length === 1) { if (horizontalOffsetRegex.test(myParts[0])) { myParts.push('center'); } else { myParts.unshift('center'); } } myParts.forEach(function(part, index) { var fixedPart = part.replace(extraOffsetRegex, function(partOffset) { partOffset = +partOffset || 0; if (! index) { partOffset += iframeOffset.left - iframeWindow.scrollX; } else { partOffset += iframeOffset.top - iframeWindow.scrollY; } if (partOffset >= 0) { partOffset = '+' + partOffset; } return partOffset; }); fixedParts.push(fixedPart); }); position.my = fixedParts.join(' '); }; var hideOnClick = function(event) { if (isContextMenuClickEvent(event)) { return; } if (settings.hide.onClick) { if ($(event.target).closest(settings.selectors.preventClose).length) { return; } } else if (event.target !== this) { return; } self.hide(); }; var isIgnoredTarget = function(event) { if (! settings.hide.ignore) { return false; } return !! $(event.target).closest(settings.hide.ignore).length; }; var hideOnOutsideClick = function(event) { if (isContextMenuClickEvent(event) || $(event.target).closest(elements.widget).length || isIgnoredTarget(event)) { return; } self.hide(); }; var initElements = function() { self.addElement('widget'); self.addElement('header'); self.addElement('message'); self.addElement('window', window); self.addElement('body', document.body); self.addElement('container', settings.container); if (settings.iframe) { self.addElement('iframe', settings.iframe); } if (settings.closeButton) { if ( settings.closeButtonClass ) { // Backwards compatibility settings.closeButtonOptions.iconClass = settings.closeButtonClass; } const $button = $('', settings.closeButtonOptions.attributes), $buttonIcon = $(settings.closeButtonOptions.iconElement).addClass(settings.closeButtonOptions.iconClass); $button.append($buttonIcon); self.addElement('closeButton', $button); } var id = self.getSettings('id'); if (id) { self.setID(id); } var classes = []; $.each(self.types, function() { classes.push(settings.classes.globalPrefix + '-type-' + this); }); classes.push(self.getSettings('className')); elements.widget .addClass(classes.join(' ')) .attr({ 'aria-modal': true, 'role': 'document', 'tabindex': 0, }); }; var initSettings = function(parent, userSettings) { var parentSettings = $.extend(true, {}, parent.getSettings()); settings = { headerMessage: '', message: '', effects: parentSettings.effects, classes: { globalPrefix: parentSettings.classPrefix, prefix: parentSettings.classPrefix + '-' + widgetName, preventScroll: parentSettings.classPrefix + '-prevent-scroll', }, selectors: { preventClose: '.' + parentSettings.classPrefix + '-prevent-close', }, container: 'body', preventScroll: false, iframe: null, closeButton: false, closeButtonOptions: { iconClass: parentSettings.classPrefix + '-close-button-icon', attributes: { role: 'button', 'tabindex': 0, 'aria-label': 'Close', href: '#', }, iconElement: '', }, position: { element: 'widget', my: 'center', at: 'center', enable: true, autoRefresh: false, }, hide: { auto: false, autoDelay: 5000, onClick: false, onOutsideClick: true, onOutsideContextMenu: false, onBackgroundClick: true, onEscKeyPress: true, ignore: '', }, }; $.extend(true, settings, self.getDefaultSettings(), userSettings); initSettingsEvents(); }; var initSettingsEvents = function() { $.each(settings, function(settingKey) { var eventName = settingKey.match(/^on([A-Z].*)/); if (!eventName) { return; } eventName = eventName[1].charAt(0).toLowerCase() + eventName[1].slice(1); self.on(eventName, this); }); }; var isContextMenuClickEvent = function(event) { // Firefox fires `click` event on every `contextmenu` event. return event.type === 'click' && event.button === 2; }; var normalizeClassName = function(name) { return name.replace(/([a-z])([A-Z])/g, function() { return arguments[1] + '-' + arguments[2].toLowerCase(); }); }; var onWindowKeyUp = function(event) { var ESC_KEY = 27, keyCode = event.which; if (ESC_KEY === keyCode) { self.hide(); } }; var unbindEvents = function() { var windows = [elements.window]; if (elements.iframe) { windows.push(jQuery(elements.iframe[0].contentWindow)); } windows.forEach(function(window) { if (settings.hide.onEscKeyPress) { window.off('keyup', onWindowKeyUp); } if (settings.hide.onOutsideClick) { window[0].removeEventListener('click', hideOnOutsideClick, true); } if (settings.hide.onOutsideContextMenu) { window[0].removeEventListener('contextmenu', hideOnOutsideClick, true); } if (settings.position.autoRefresh) { window.off('resize', self.refreshPosition); } }); if (settings.hide.onClick || settings.hide.onBackgroundClick) { elements.widget.off('click', hideOnClick); } }; this.addElement = function(name, element, classes) { var $newElement = elements[name] = $(element || '
'), normalizedName = normalizeClassName(name); classes = classes ? classes + ' ' : ''; classes += settings.classes.globalPrefix + '-' + normalizedName; classes += ' ' + settings.classes.prefix + '-' + normalizedName; $newElement.addClass(classes); return $newElement; }; this.destroy = function() { unbindEvents(); elements.widget.remove(); self.trigger('destroy'); return self; }; this.getElements = function(item) { return item ? elements[item] : elements; }; this.getSettings = function(setting) { var copy = Object.create(settings); if (setting) { return copy[setting]; } return copy; }; this.hide = function() { if (! self.isVisible()) { return; } clearTimeout(hideTimeOut); callEffect('hide', arguments); unbindEvents(); if (settings.preventScroll) { self.getElements('body').removeClass(settings.classes.preventScroll); } self.trigger('hide'); return self; }; this.init = function(parent, properties) { if (!(parent instanceof DialogsManager.Instance)) { throw 'The ' + self.widgetName + ' must to be initialized from an instance of DialogsManager.Instance'; } ensureClosureMethods(); self.trigger('init', properties); initSettings(parent, properties); initElements(); self.buildWidget(); self.attachEvents(); self.trigger('ready'); return self; }; this.isVisible = function() { return elements.widget.is(':visible'); }; this.on = function(eventName, callback) { if ('object' === typeof eventName) { $.each(eventName, function(singleEventName) { self.on(singleEventName, this); }); return self; } var eventNames = eventName.split(' '); eventNames.forEach(function(singleEventName) { if (!events[singleEventName]) { events[singleEventName] = []; } events[singleEventName].push(callback); }); return self; }; this.off = function(eventName, callback) { if (! events[ eventName ]) { return self; } if (! callback) { delete events[eventName]; return self; } var callbackIndex = events[eventName].indexOf(callback); if (-1 !== callbackIndex) { events[eventName].splice(callbackIndex, 1); } return self; }; this.refreshPosition = function() { if (! settings.position.enable) { return; } var position = $.extend({}, settings.position); if (elements[position.of]) { position.of = elements[position.of]; } if (! position.of) { position.of = window; } if (settings.iframe) { fixIframePosition(position); } elements[position.element].position(position); }; this.setID = function(id) { elements.widget.attr('id', id); return self; }; this.setHeaderMessage = function(message) { self.getElements('header').html(message); return self; }; this.setMessage = function(message) { elements.message.html(message); return self; }; this.setSettings = function(key, value) { if (jQuery.isPlainObject(value)) { $.extend(true, settings[key], value); } else { settings[key] = value; } return self; }; this.show = function() { clearTimeout(hideTimeOut); elements.widget.appendTo(elements.container).hide(); callEffect('show', arguments); self.refreshPosition(); if (settings.hide.auto) { hideTimeOut = setTimeout(self.hide, settings.hide.autoDelay); } bindEvents(); if (settings.preventScroll) { self.getElements('body').addClass(settings.classes.preventScroll); } self.trigger('show'); return self; }; this.trigger = function(eventName, params) { var methodName = 'on' + eventName[0].toUpperCase() + eventName.slice(1); if (self[methodName]) { self[methodName](params); } var callbacks = events[eventName]; if (!callbacks) { return; } $.each(callbacks, function(index, callback) { callback.call(self, params); }); return self; }; }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.types = []; // Inheritable widget methods DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.buildWidget = function() { var elements = this.getElements(), settings = this.getSettings(); elements.widget.append(elements.header, elements.message); this.setHeaderMessage(settings.headerMessage); this.setMessage(settings.message); if (this.getSettings('closeButton')) { elements.widget.prepend(elements.closeButton); } }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.attachEvents = function() { var self = this; if (self.getSettings('closeButton')) { self.getElements('closeButton').on('click', function(event) { event.preventDefault(); self.hide(); }); } }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.getDefaultSettings = function() { return {}; }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.getClosureMethods = function() { return []; }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.onHide = function() { }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.onShow = function() { }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.onInit = function() { }; DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.onReady = function() { }; DialogsManager.widgetsTypes.simple = DialogsManager.Widget; DialogsManager.addWidgetType('buttons', { activeKeyUp: function(event) { var TAB_KEY = 9; if (event.which === TAB_KEY) { event.preventDefault(); } if (this.hotKeys[event.which]) { this.hotKeys[event.which](this); } }, activeKeyDown: function(event) { if (!this.focusedButton) { return; } var TAB_KEY = 9; if (event.which === TAB_KEY) { event.preventDefault(); var currentButtonIndex = this.focusedButton.index(), nextButtonIndex; if (event.shiftKey) { nextButtonIndex = currentButtonIndex - 1; if (nextButtonIndex < 0) { nextButtonIndex = this.buttons.length - 1; } } else { nextButtonIndex = currentButtonIndex + 1; if (nextButtonIndex >= this.buttons.length) { nextButtonIndex = 0; } } this.focusedButton = this.buttons[nextButtonIndex].trigger('focus'); } }, addButton: function(options) { var self = this, settings = self.getSettings(), buttonSettings = jQuery.extend(settings.button, options); var classes = options.classes ? options.classes + ' ' : ''; classes += settings.classes.globalPrefix + '-button'; var $button = self.addElement(options.name, $('<' + buttonSettings.tag + '>').html(options.text), classes); self.buttons.push($button); var buttonFn = function() { if (settings.hide.onButtonClick) { self.hide(); } if ('function' === typeof options.callback) { options.callback.call(this, self); } }; $button.on('click', buttonFn); if (options.hotKey) { this.hotKeys[options.hotKey] = buttonFn; } this.getElements('buttonsWrapper').append($button); if (options.focus) { this.focusedButton = $button; } return self; }, bindHotKeys: function() { this.getElements('window').on({ keyup: this.activeKeyUp, keydown: this.activeKeyDown }); }, buildWidget: function() { DialogsManager.Widget.prototype.buildWidget.apply(this, arguments); var $buttonsWrapper = this.addElement('buttonsWrapper'); this.getElements('widget').append($buttonsWrapper); }, getClosureMethods: function() { return [ 'activeKeyUp', 'activeKeyDown' ]; }, getDefaultSettings: function() { return { hide: { onButtonClick: true }, button: { tag: 'button' } }; }, onHide: function() { this.unbindHotKeys(); }, onInit: function() { this.buttons = []; this.hotKeys = {}; this.focusedButton = null; }, onShow: function() { this.bindHotKeys(); if (!this.focusedButton) { this.focusedButton = this.buttons[0]; } if (this.focusedButton) { this.focusedButton.trigger('focus'); } }, unbindHotKeys: function() { this.getElements('window').off({ keyup: this.activeKeyUp, keydown: this.activeKeyDown }); } }); DialogsManager.addWidgetType('lightbox', DialogsManager.getWidgetType('buttons').extend('lightbox', { getDefaultSettings: function() { var settings = DialogsManager.getWidgetType('buttons').prototype.getDefaultSettings.apply(this, arguments); return $.extend(true, settings, { contentWidth: 'auto', contentHeight: 'auto', position: { element: 'widgetContent', of: 'widget', autoRefresh: true } }); }, buildWidget: function() { DialogsManager.getWidgetType('buttons').prototype.buildWidget.apply(this, arguments); var $widgetContent = this.addElement('widgetContent'), elements = this.getElements(); $widgetContent.append(elements.header, elements.message, elements.buttonsWrapper); elements.widget.html($widgetContent); if (elements.closeButton) { $widgetContent.prepend(elements.closeButton); } }, onReady: function() { var elements = this.getElements(), settings = this.getSettings(); if ('auto' !== settings.contentWidth) { elements.message.width(settings.contentWidth); } if ('auto' !== settings.contentHeight) { elements.message.height(settings.contentHeight); } } })); DialogsManager.addWidgetType('confirm', DialogsManager.getWidgetType('lightbox').extend('confirm', { onReady: function() { DialogsManager.getWidgetType('lightbox').prototype.onReady.apply(this, arguments); var strings = this.getSettings('strings'), isDefaultCancel = this.getSettings('defaultOption') === 'cancel'; this.addButton({ name: 'cancel', text: strings.cancel, callback: function(widget) { widget.trigger('cancel'); }, focus: isDefaultCancel }); this.addButton({ name: 'ok', text: strings.confirm, callback: function(widget) { widget.trigger('confirm'); }, focus: !isDefaultCancel }); }, getDefaultSettings: function() { var settings = DialogsManager.getWidgetType('lightbox').prototype.getDefaultSettings.apply(this, arguments); settings.strings = { confirm: 'OK', cancel: 'Cancel' }; settings.defaultOption = 'cancel'; return settings; } })); DialogsManager.addWidgetType('alert', DialogsManager.getWidgetType('lightbox').extend('alert', { onReady: function() { DialogsManager.getWidgetType('lightbox').prototype.onReady.apply(this, arguments); var strings = this.getSettings('strings'); this.addButton({ name: 'ok', text: strings.confirm, callback: function(widget) { widget.trigger('confirm'); } }); }, getDefaultSettings: function() { var settings = DialogsManager.getWidgetType('lightbox').prototype.getDefaultSettings.apply(this, arguments); settings.strings = { confirm: 'OK' }; return settings; } })); // Exporting the DialogsManager variable to global global.DialogsManager = DialogsManager; })( typeof jQuery !== 'undefined' ? jQuery : typeof require === 'function' && require('jquery'), (typeof module !== 'undefined' && typeof module.exports !== 'undefined') ? module.exports : window ); Cash incentives may help men lose weight, research finds

Cash incentives may help men lose weight, research finds

Financial incentives of up to £400 alongside text messages could encourage men living with obesity to lose weight, research has found.

The research, known as “Game of Stones” and presented at the European Congress of Obesity (ECO), involved a year-long trial involving 585 men living with obesity from Belfast, Bristol and Glasgow. They were randomly assigned to one of three groups: text messaging with financial incentives, text messages only, or the control group. Thirty-nine per cent of the participants were from a lower socio-economic background, while 40% had two or more long-term health conditions.

Those assigned to the group that received texts with financial incentives were sent motivational messages and healthy eating tips. They were also told that £400 would be transferred to them at the end of the trial, but they would lose money if they did not achieve a weight loss target.

Fifty pounds would be taken away if they did not lose 5% of their body weight after three months, £150 if they failed to lose 10% of their weight after six months and £200 if they had not maintained the 10% weight loss after a year.

The text messages group received the same messages but without the financial reward.

The study found that the men who received the financial incentives alongside the text messages lost the most weight, at 4.8% of their body weight. This compared with the text message group alone losing 2.7%, and 1.3% for the control group.

Prof Pat Hoddinott, of the Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit at the University of Stirling, who led the study, said they hoped the study would be adopted by the NHS, adding that men who were living with obesity “helped design the structure of the incentives and helped us write the text messages”.

Hoddinott added that the study was inspired by “‘deposit contracts’, where people deposit their own money and lose it if they do not meet weight loss goals.

“This is informed by behavioural economic theory which proposes that people are more motivated by the prospect of losing money than the prospect of gaining money,” she said.